Passive houses, nzeb standard
the quest for low heating/cooling demand
Energy efficient buildings
HOW TO BUILD TO SAVE ENERGY
For the design and construction of "Passive Houses" / "Zero Energy Houses" / "Active Houses" it is necessary to address their fundamental element, namely the construction of walls, floors and roofs (building envelope) characterized by a very high degree of thermal insulation to the extent that it meets the international standards in the field, respectively the average annual energy consumption for heating does not exceed 15 kWh / sqm, the annual thermal load does not exceed 10W / sqm, the average annual primary energy consumption does not exceed 120 kWh / sqm, the value of decks heat cannot exceed Ψ = 0.01 W / m (practically devoid of thermal bridges), the value of the heat transfer coefficient (U) does not exceed 0.15 W / (mpK), the frequency of overheating (temperatures above 25 ° C) does not exceed 10 % in the summer.
Why is insulation important?
THE BUILDING ENVELOPE
Without the implementation of this fundamental element, the fulfillment of the other conditions of energy performance of the building (thermal insulation of windows and doors, tightness, orientation of the building, ventilation and heat recovery, use of renewable energies, use of heat / cold generation equipment with high efficiencies high, the use of household appliances with very low consumption, etc.) becomes almost useless because they can not compensate for energy losses caused by a building envelope with a level of non-performing thermal insulation.
The very high level of thermal insulation of the opaque building envelope must also be doubled by a high-performance resistance structure. In addition to these basic aspects, there are qualities related to good sound insulation, high reliability, easy construction processes, high profitability, environmental impact, etc.
The performance of ordinary materials
Disadvantages
In the current context of of materials and construction works on the market, the classic concrete, brick and metal constructions that meet the resistance conditions stand out, but in terms of thermal insulation they are inadequate, as they use inefficient cladding (polystyrene, mineral wool, etc.). .). Secondly, due to the desire to achieve the parameters of “Passive Houses”, insulating elements were produced using polystyrene (aspects related to the disadvantages of using polystyrene will be detailed below) which, although they tend to meet thermal insulation standards, do not provide a high-performance resistance structure, especially for the construction of multi-storey buildings. Of course, a third major category is wooden buildings, whose performance is modest in terms of thermal insulation, strength, reliability, cost-effectiveness, environment, etc. are well known.
A new idea
MODULAR POLYURETHANE ELEMENTS
In this context, the idea of the Romanian inventor LaurenÅ£iu Breaz was developed to create high-performance opaque envelopes (walls, floors, roofs) in terms of thermal insulation and resistance mainly, to be built of modular elements (replacing bricks, pillars, beams and classic floors of concrete, wood or other “traditional” materials) easy to assemble, to compete for the construction of durable, good-looking, comfortable and energy-efficient buildings , according to the performance requirements of the concepts of “Passive House”, “Zero Energy House” "," The active house ".
Following the research activity, started 25 years ago, Mr. Breaz Laurenţiu came to the conclusion that the best existing material for the construction of such modular elements is polyurethane (polyurethane foam) which is distinguished by physico-chemical qualities clearly superior to any other material . This idea was corroborated with the idea of incorporating within the modular element the resistance structure of the building , so that the first modular elements made of polyurethane PUR-BSF-ICF were created in 2005.
These were subsequently improved and diversified for different applications, finally reaching the realization of the current form of modular polyurethane elements, respectively PUR-ICF. Along with the creation of these products, innovative technologies for manufacturing and execution of construction works were developed and implemented. All this activity was recognized by issuing several patents, such as: no.123373-Romanian patent entitled "Modular element, network, resistance structure and construction obtained with these modular elements", no. 123557 - the Romanian patent with the title “Modular element, network, resistance structure and construction obtained with these modular elements”, no. US2015 / 0259125- American patent, no.567135-New Zealand patent, no. 189909-Israeli patent, no. 2006335382-Australian patent, no. 92034- Ukrainian patent, no.012548- Eurasian patent validated in Russia, no. 2621224-Canadian patent etc.
